Sarcouncil Journal of Public Administration and Management

Abstract: This scoping review explores how domestic e‑waste recovery technologies and infrastructure can advance U.S. strategic resource independence by enabling the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) and critical materials. This study synthesizes recent literature (2020-2025) to assess technological innovations, such as hydrometallurgical, biohydrometallurgical, and hybrid processes, alongside policy mechanisms, market dynamics, and industrial capacity. Using a PRISMA‑ScR‑guided approach, the review identifies 25 peer‑reviewed studies and authoritative reports addressing recovery technologies, infrastructure, and policy frameworks. Findings indicate that emerging technologies offer promising pathways for sustainable recovery; however, scalability is constrained by infrastructure gaps, regulatory disparities, and market uncertainties. Federal initiatives, including the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and Inflation Reduction Act, coupled with innovation incentives and public‑private partnerships, are driving progress toward circular economy frameworks and supply chain resilience. The review concludes that harmonized standards, sustained R&D investment, and strategic procurement commitments are essential for integrating recovered materials into U.S. manufacturing. Future research should focus on techno‑economic modeling, lifecycle assessments, and policy instruments that enable large‑scale deployment within circular economy frameworks.